![]() ![]() There are several such schemes proposed for the west coast of GB, some also include flood protection, but currently no scheme that has progressed beyond the outline stage. The length of bund relative to enclosed area is usually lower for an estuarine barrier than a coastal lagoon. The term coastal lagoon represents a lagoon formed by a barrier impounding a volume of sea adjacent to a length of coastline. Typically, these schemes encompass a large tidal volume for a relatively short barrage. In this paper, the term tidal barrage represents a barrier across the estuary of a major river with capacity to allow the tides to move in and out. The use of large batteries and hydrogen production could be linked directly to the tidal generation programme to balance supply and demand. However, the use of electric vehicles is predicted to preferentially increase overnight demand and act as a mass storage system. For today's electricity demand profile, and, without efficient storage, conventional wisdom prescribes that generation should match demand. High tides occur at different times of day in different locations around GB a chain of carefully selected sites could produce some measure of continuous daily generation. Spring tides also generate significantly more power due to their higher head. For a given barrage or lagoon, the duration varies significantly between neap and spring tides in the order of 2–4 h. The generating period varies at a first approximation with the reservoir area, the height of the tide and the discharge capacity of the turbines and sluices. The periodic and predictable nature of tidal energy conversion is termed cyclically intermittent. Tidal range schemes can convert energy over 4 separate periods each lunar day when generating electricity on both the incoming (flood) and outgoing (ebb) tides. The timing and amplitude of tidal range power generation is predictable many years ahead as it is based on the cycles of the moon and the earth's orbit around our sun. There are now several proposed tidal range schemes around the coastline of Great Britain (GB). It may quadruple if electricity replaces natural gas for domestic heating or is used to generate hydrogen for transport and heating. Electricity demand in the United Kingdom (UK) is forecast to double as electricity replaces petrol and diesel to power transport. Interest in tidal range energy generation has grown recently due to the need for more renewable energy. ![]() The analysis shows that 2-way generation and pumping can match the full tidal range and help preserve inter-tidal areas. ![]() Whilst estuaries tend to have slightly higher tidal ranges, they also create unique ecological conditions with diverse natural ecosystems that are increasingly valued. Barrages impoundments across estuaries are generally shorter than lagoons impounding similar volumes, with lower civil engineering costs. The analysis indicates that the schemes are not categorically different, characterised by the shape and alignment of the impoundment. The schemes are compared in terms of energy generation, flood protection, navigation, and selected environmental impacts. Both schemes were analysed with a range of turbine numbers and generator ratings. To contrast the differences between barrages and lagoons two potential schemes are analysed using the Lancaster 0-D Tidal Range Model. Historically, estuaries have been proposed as sites for barrages, but more recently coastal lagoons are favoured due to a lower environment impact. ![]() Great Britain (GB) is ideally situated to exploit tidal power but currently has no operational systems. The potential power from coastal tidal range is becoming better appreciated due to the need to mitigate global warming. ![]()
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